Tet-1& Tet-2 Exam Material વિભાગ -૧
શૈક્ષણિક મનોવિજ્ઞાન
Educational Psychology
Educational psychology is the branch of psychology that studies how humans learn in an educational environment and how educational activities can be made more effective. 'Education' is made up of two words - 'education' and 'psychology'. So its literal meaning is - education related psychology. In other words, it is a practical form of psychology and a science that studies human behavior in the process of education. When behavior is studied with a view to shaping human behavior, this branch of study is called educational psychology Archived 2021-05 -05 at the Wayback Machine. So it can be said that educational psychology Archived 2021-05-05 at the Wayback Machine studies human behavior in educational situations. In other words, using the basic principles of psychology to solve educational problems in a scientific and organizational manner is the subject matter of educational psychology. Psychology has influenced all aspects of education such as educational objectives, teaching methods, curriculum, evaluation, discipline etc. Without the help of psychology, the education process cannot run smoothly.
Educational psychology refers to the use of psychological principles to improve the teaching and learning process. Educational psychology studies the behavior of individuals in educational settings.
Thus, in educational psychology, a person's behavior, mental processes and experiences are studied in educational settings. Educational psychology is the branch of psychology whose goal is to develop effective teaching techniques and assess learner abilities and interests. It is a branch of behavioral psychology that strives to improve the teaching and learning process.
TAT-TET-HTAT Exam Psychology MCQ Part-1 વિડીયો જોવા માટે આપેલી લીંક પર ક્લિક કરો.
Definition of Educational
Psychology
Educational psychology is the science that studies, analyzes and solves the problems of education. Education has never been separated from psychology. Although psychology has been in the form of philosophy, it has helped in the development of the individual through education.
According to Skinner: Educational psychology studies human behavior in educational situations. शिक्षा शिक्षोग derives its meaning from शिक्षा, which is a social process and सिक्षा से, which is a behavioral science.
According to Crowe & Crowe: Educational psychology describes and interprets the learning experiences of an individual from birth to old age.
According to James Drewer: Educational psychology is the branch of applied psychology which is concerned with the application of psychological theories and findings in education as well as the psychological study of educational problems.
According to Alice Crow: Educational psychology represents the application of theories derived from the scientific view of human responses to teaching and learning.
Education in India means knowledge. According to Gandhi, education means proper development of body, mind and soul of a person.
To analyze the meaning of educational psychology, Skinner has pointed out the following facts:-
1. Education is the center of psychology, human behavior.
2. Education Psychology is a collection of facts obtained from research and observation.
3. Knowledge stored in educational psychology can be given the form of principles.
4. Educational psychology has propounded its own methods to solve the problems of education.
5. Principles and methods of educational psychology provide a basis for educational theories and practices.
Tet-1& Tet-2 Exam Material વિભાગ -૧ શૈક્ષણિક મનોવિજ્ઞાન મટેરિયલ ડાઉનલોડ કરવા નીચે આપેલી લીંક પર ક્લિક કરો.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eu9cCOIoBPYZJZD5EnC4kSOW8BNT5cus/view?usp=sharing
The need for psychology
Kelly states the need for educational psychology as follows:-
1. To impart knowledge of the nature of the child,
2. To harmonize the child with his environment,
3. To familiarize with the nature, objectives and purposes of education,
4. To introduce the principles and methods of learning and teaching,
5. Study of control of emotions and educational significance,
6. To introduce the methods and principles of character building,
7. Training in the methods of measuring the student's abilities in the subjects taught in the school,
8. To impart knowledge of scientific methods used for knowledge of facts and principles of educational psychology.
Tet-1& Tet-2 Exam Material વિભાગ -૧ શૈક્ષણિક મનોવિજ્ઞાન MCQ ડાઉનલોડ કરવા નીચે આપેલી લીંક પર ક્લિક કરો.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XY0PtSt2TzlTqPU9F2odUpXbePSoLsjV/view?usp=sharing
Relationship between education and psychology
Educational psychology is related to learning and teaching methods, i.e. teaching. Education and psychology are two distinct branches of knowledge, but they are closely related. Psychology is the basis of modern education. A child is educated by carefully studying his interests, inclinations, possibilities and personality. Today, education and psychology are complementary to each other. Skinner Skinner is of the opinion that “Education is a necessity of psychology education. Without its help the problem of education cannot be solved. Both education and psychology are concerned with behavior. The discoveries of psychology have a profound impact on other aspects of education.''
Education and psychology are the coordination of theory and practice, knowledge of mutual relationship between education and psychology is necessary for coordinated balanced development of human being. A work similar to education is based on the principles of psychology. According to Crowe and Crowe “Psychology is the science of human behavior in contact with the environment” Psychology explains human development related to learning. Education provides the effort to do the learning process. Why and when education is related to learning psychology.''
The link between education and psychology is ``human behavior''. The views of two scholars in this regard are visible:-
Brown- “Education is the process by which a person's behavior is changed.”
Pillsbury – “Psychology is the science of human behavior.”
From these definitions it is clear that both education and psychology are concerned with human behavior. Education improves human behavior by changing it. Psychology studies human behavior. Thus, it is natural to have a relationship between education and psychology, but this relationship provides a basis for psychology. Education has to get the approval of psychology for each of its activities. B.N. Jha has rightly written – “Education, for what it does and how it is done, has to depend on psychological research.”
Psychology has achieved this position because it has revolutionized all areas of education by influencing them. In this context, this succinct sentence of Ryan is noteworthy-
In many schools of modern times we find an atmosphere of difference and conflict. Now they do not show excess of conventionality, formality, coercion, silence, stress and punishment.
Relation of Psychology to Education
1. Psychology and Objectives of Education - Through psychology it can be known whether the objectives of education can be achieved or not. How successful the teacher has been in his objective can also be known through psychology.
2. Psychology and Curriculum - Psychology has made co-curricular activities important in the overall development of the child. That is why special arrangements are made for sports, cultural programs etc. in schools.
3. Psychology and text books - Text books should be created keeping in mind the child's age, interests and mental abilities.
4. Psychology and Time Table - The main principle given by psychology in education is that new knowledge should be developed on the basis of previous knowledge.
5. Psychology and teaching methods - Child's self-learning was emphasized in teaching methods through psychology. For this purpose 'learning by doing', learning through games, radio tourism, movies etc. were given place in teaching methods.
6. Psychology and Discipline – Love, appreciation and sympathy are considered by psychology as a good basis for discipline.
7. Psychology and Research - Psychology has made many good rules through research related to learning process. A child can learn better in less time by using them.
8. Psychology and Tests - New methods like intelligence test, personality test and objective test have been selected for evaluation by psychology.
9. Psychology and teacher - There are three types of relationship in education - relationship between child and teacher, relationship between child and society and relationship between child and subject. Success in education can only be achieved if the relationship between these three is proper.
Methods of Educational
Psychology
Educational psychology is beginning to be placed under the category of applied science. Being a science, many methods were developed in its study. These methods are scientific. In the words of George A. Lundberg –
Social scientists have come to believe that objective and systematic observation, verification, classification and analysis of social phenomena have to be used to solve the problems before them. The reason such an approach is solid and successful is called the scientific method.
The methods commonly used for research in educational psychology can be divided into two parts:-
(1) Subjective Methods
Introspection method
Storytelling method
(2) Objective Methods
Experimental method
inspection method
Life history method
Therapeutic method
Developmental method
Psychoanalytic method
Comparative method
Statistical method
Test method
Interview method
Questionnaire method
Differential method
Psychophysical method
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